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Hallux valgus (HV) is a complex, three-dimensional, progressive forefoot deformity characterized by medial deviation of the first metatarsal and lateral deviation of the hallux. It is a common condition, often associated with pain, reduced walking ability, and pressure on the lesser toes. This paper reviews the pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, conservative management strategies, and various surgical interventions aimed at correcting the deformity and relieving symptoms. 1. Introduction

Female sex, age, family history, flat feet (pes planus), and chronic wearing of narrow-toed, high-heeled shoes. Download Hallux valgus pdf

Metatarsus adductus, Achilles tendon tightness, and hammertoe are frequently observed alongside HV. 3. Diagnosis and Clinical Assessment Hallux valgus (HV) is a complex