Increased shortness of breath when sitting or standing compared to lying flat.
Non-specific markers like digital clubbing (swelling of fingertips), cyanosis (bluish skin tint), and spider nevi (spider-like veins) may also be present. Diagnostic Criteria Diagnosis is confirmed through the following findings: A Case of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - PMC Download Syndrome hepatopulmonaire pdf
While many patients are initially asymptomatic, those who develop symptoms often experience: Increased shortness of breath when sitting or standing
Shortness of breath, particularly during physical exertion. cyanosis (bluish skin tint)