: This community of microbes is specifically responsible for product synthesis and metabolic functions, such as substrate utilization [18, 19].
: The succession and activity of these microbes are primarily driven by environmental factors like moisture, acidity, and humidity in early stages, while oxygen content becomes critical during middle stages [18, 19]. : This community of microbes is specifically responsible
Fused Filament Fabrication Method is the most common 3D printing technology, involving the melting and extrusion of thermoplastic filaments layer-by-layer [29]. such as substrate utilization [18