Obshhaja Harakteristika Jepoh -

Anthropocentrism—Humanity and its potential are the primary focus. 5. Modern Era (New Time)

The birth of the first great civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome. obshhaja harakteristika jepoh

Marked by the Industrial Revolution and the rise of democratic nation-states. obshhaja harakteristika jepoh

A cultural bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern Era, focusing on the "rebirth" of classical learning. obshhaja harakteristika jepoh

Secularization (separation of church and state) and the emergence of the middle class.

Strict hierarchy (Monarch → Lords → Peasants).

Totemism and animism (belief in spirits of nature). 2. Ancient World (Antiquity)